Views: 0 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2023-05-25 Origin: Site
4. Industry technical level and characteristics
LED lighting technology mainly includes integrated design, light distribution design, heat dissipation design, intelligent and IoT technology, etc.
(1) Integrated Design
Integrated design is one of the core competitive factors for lighting fixtures, especially medium and high-power lighting fixtures. Simple structure, aesthetics and practicality, fine workmanship, and bright colors have become the current product design trend. With the continuous deepening of the "people-oriented lighting" concept, LED lighting will also pay more attention to the combination effect of multiple light sources, emphasizing the personalization of products and atmosphere.
(2) Light distribution design
Light quality is mainly measured by parameters such as color temperature, color rendering index, color uniformity, saturation, and luminous flux, and is a comprehensive evaluation index. LED is a point light source that emits unidirectional light, and excessive local light can cause obvious glare problems. Currently, enterprises in the industry mainly adopt optimized product optical and structural design, improve silicone materials, design internal structures, and use secondary light distribution methods such as scattering and reflection to achieve uniform light and improve glare defects. In the future, with the increasing requirements of integrated LED lighting fixtures for light quality, luminous flux, and light comfort, light distribution design will become an important competitive factor for lighting manufacturers.
(3) Heat dissipation design
LED lighting is the process of converting electrical energy into light energy, during which some electrical energy is converted into thermal energy. High power products have higher requirements for heat dissipation. On the one hand, the service life of LED lamps is affected by the heating of the lamps, and on the other hand, the heating problem will also affect the brightness and quality of the light emitted. At present, the industry mainly conducts heat dissipation design from the internal and external structures, improving the thermal conductivity of the packaging bracket by optimizing packaging materials or packaging methods, reducing heat transfer interfaces, and other methods to meet heat dissipation requirements. At the same time, heat dissipation problems are solved through the configuration of heat sinks and scientific structural design of heat sinks.
(4) Intelligent and IoT technology
With the development of communication technology and the Internet of Things technology, intelligent control has gradually entered the application fields of home, commerce, industry, outdoor and special lighting. Wireless network technology, including WIFI, Zigbee, Bluetooth, etc., has become a connection method for intelligent control systems, providing a series of solutions to meet different application scenarios and market demands, and promoting innovative design of intelligent and IoT lighting fixtures.
5. Main barriers to entry into this industry
(1) Technical barriers
Medium and high-power LED lighting products pay particular attention to safety, stability, differentiated light distribution design, and heat dissipation, making the technical difficulty even higher. In addition, the segmented lighting industry has fast product iteration and updates, and design innovation is needed to keep up with market trends. For example, in special lighting, stadium lights need to be designed for ultra long distance projection, and plant lights need to achieve high-precision spectral analysis. With the development of the Internet of Things, the intelligence level of lighting fixtures has become one of the core competitive factors for manufacturers.
Due to the need for continuous research and development investment, long-term technological accumulation, and continuous technological innovation, generally speaking, manufacturers who advance into the segmented lighting field have more complete product specifications and categories, possess leading technological advantages and design experience in medium and high-power LED lighting products, and can quickly respond to customers' customized needs and achieve rapid delivery. However, other lighting market manufacturers find it difficult to enter the aforementioned segmented lighting field based on their scale advantages, which poses high barriers to product technology in this industry.
(2) Certification barriers
In the international market, countries such as Europe and America have high requirements for electromagnetic compatibility, safety protection, and environmental protection. Lighting manufacturers need to meet local certification in order to achieve product sales in the aforementioned international market, such as UL, DLC, FCC certification in the United States, CE and ROHS certification in Europe, SAA certification in Australia, etc. The above certification is a necessary prerequisite for entering the local market and an important basis for international brand merchants to review the qualifications of lighting manufacturers, Reflect the manufacturer's product competitiveness; In China, LED lighting products are listed in the national "Catalogue of Products Subject to Compulsory Product Certification". LED lighting products produced by enterprises must have CCC certification in order to be produced and sold.
Therefore, new or potential manufacturers lack long-term experience accumulation and technological precipitation, making it difficult for their products to obtain relevant certification through strict testing in a short period of time.
(3) Brand customer entry barriers
In the lighting market of medium and high-power LED lighting products, manufacturers mainly use ODM and OEM models to cooperate with customers. Internationally renowned brands such as Xinnuofei and Landevans typically have strict supplier qualification audits and management systems. In terms of qualification review, brand merchants establish detailed and strict acceptance standards for product quality, appearance, function, etc. Manufacturers need to undergo complex testing and certification by brand merchants before entering their supply chain system, with an entry cycle of up to 2-5 years; In terms of management, after entering the brand supplier's supply system, the brand supplier inspects the production compliance and supply capacity of manufacturers who have already entered its supply chain system through regular audits. High quality manufacturers usually combine advanced manufacturing technology with stable product quality. New manufacturers entering the industry usually have limited technical strength and response speed, making it difficult to gain recognition from such large customers. Therefore, this industry has strong barriers to brand customer entry.
(4) Quality control barriers
LED lighting products with medium to high power and batch installation need to adapt to more demanding external environments, and their maintenance costs are more expensive than other lighting products. Therefore, higher production technical requirements are put forward for the quality, stability, yield, and warranty period of the lighting fixtures. Under this requirement, customers who purchase industrial and outdoor lighting products also propose more detailed production control quality standards for material quality control, product production process control, shipment control, and new product review and testing. Advanced manufacturers in the industry generally have a mature management system, implementing refined management for different lamp types and meeting relevant quality control requirements, and have the ability to provide customers with a certain warranty period as after-sales support.
Therefore, new manufacturers entering the industry lack long-term production experience and mature quality management systems, making it difficult to meet the dual requirements of customers for quality and warranty in a short period of time.
6. Opportunities faced by the industry
(1) Countries around the world promote rapid industry development
Policy support is a key factor in promoting the rapid development of the LED lighting application industry. Internationally, the United Nations Environment Programme released the "Lighting Energy Efficiency Guidelines" in 2018, which allow emerging countries to gradually phase out inefficient lighting and accelerate the transition to efficient lighting; In 2021, the United States passed an infrastructure bill with a total amount of 1.2 trillion dollars. According to the bill, the federal government of the United States of the United States will spend funds in the next five years on the improvement and construction of infrastructure such as roads, bridges, public transportation, railways, airports, ports and waterways. LED lighting, as an indispensable supporting product for new infrastructure, will continue to grow in the long run.
China has provided policy support for the LED lighting industry in various aspects such as funding, technology, and industry standards. It has successively formulated multiple industrial policies that are conducive to the development of the industry, such as the "13th Five Year Plan Outline for Urban Green Lighting" and the "Guiding Catalogue for Industrial Structure Adjustment (2019 Edition)", greatly boosting confidence in industrial development and laying a solid foundation for the sustainable and optimized development of the industry.
(2) The improvement of the industrial chain drives the continuous improvement of the competitiveness of manufacturers in the industry
With the steady improvement of the national economy and the continuous progress of technology, China's LED lighting industry has occupied a global leading position in research and production. The country has formed industrial clusters mainly in the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Fujian Jiangxi regions. From upstream chip research and development, LED bead packaging to downstream LED lighting product application, the industrial chain is constantly maturing and improving. In the future, the coordination of the entire industry chain will give domestic LED lighting products a greater competitive advantage in terms of cost-effectiveness, and the export volume of China's LED lighting products will further increase.
(3) International environmental policies support the sustainable development of the LED lighting industry
With the reduction of traditional non renewable energy sources such as oil, coal and natural gas, the deterioration of ecological environment and global warming, accelerating the realization of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality" has become a global consensus. Countries around the world are continuously releasing industrial policies that are conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction, accelerating the achievement of zero greenhouse gas emissions. In 2021, the United States released the "2050 Long Term Climate Strategy", which aims to achieve a plan to achieve "net zero" greenhouse gas emissions by 2050; In 2021, China issued the Guiding Opinions on Accelerating the Establishment and Improvement of a Green and Low carbon cycle Economic Development System, which formally deployed the realization of a green and low carbon economy as the top-level design. In the future, LED lighting, as an important means of achieving a green economy, will usher in a new round of upward trend.
